其实简单英语语法:非谓语动词的问题并不复杂,但是又很多的朋友都不太了解简单英语语法:非谓语动词,因此呢,今天小编就来为大家分享简单英语语法:非谓语动词的一些知识,希望可以帮助到大家,下面我们一起来看看这个问题的分析吧!
[上次审查]
简单英语语法:be动词
[本期内容]
一、内容概述
二、内容简述
(1)定义
英语中的动词根据能否直接用作句子的谓语,可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。
谓语动词是指可以直接用作句子谓语的动词。会受到主语单复数的影响,时态和语态会有形式上的变化。
非谓语动词是指不能直接用作句子谓语的动词。不受单复数主语的影响,时态和语态也不变。
(2)分类
狭义的非谓语动词主要包括动名词(do)、不定式(to do)和分词,其中分词又可分为现在分词(do)和过去分词(done)。
从广义上讲,除了以上三种,助动词、系动词、情态动词也属于非谓语动词,因为虽然都是动词,但不能直接做句子的谓语。
(3)动名词(做)
动名词常用作句子的主语、宾语、表语或定语,如:
Swimming is my favorite sport.
I like swimming best.
My favorite sport is swimming.
There is a swimming pool in my home.
[注意]
动名词也常用作介词的宾语,如:我对阅读很感兴趣。
动名词有时候也有自己的对象,比如我喜欢看书。
Gerund sometimes has its own logical subject, for example, I have decided where to go. Do you mind if I go there?
不定式(to do)
不定式常用作句子的主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语或状语。比如:
Seeing is believing.
I want to visit him next week.
: My suggestion is to start early tomorrow.
She told me to buy her a book.
He has something to do this afternoon.
They got up early to catch the first train.
[注意]
英语中有些动词只能接不定式,有些只能接动名词,有些可以既接动名词又接不定式。比如:
I hope to see you soon.
They enjoyed themselves at the party last night.
She likes running.
She likes to take a walk in the garden.
(5)分词
英语中的分词可以分为现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done)。现在分词主要表示动作的进行,过去分词主要表示动作的完成。比如:
She is working in the garden now.
They have finished the work on the bridge.
[注意]
1.过去分词也常用来表示被动,如:窗户是她打破的。
2.使役动词的分词通常是形容词,例如:她对这个好消息很兴奋。
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