图解语法中的非谓语动词《新概念英语》

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我们一般说的非谓语动词主要有不定式、分词和动名词。其中,分词包括现在分词和过去分词。

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1分词

1.1现在分词

1.1.1作文:做

用法

1.1.2.1 makes an attributive, such as: In autumn, fallen leaves can be seen everywhere.

1.1.2.2 made an adverbial. If he heard the news, he was very excited.

1.1.2.3 is a complement, as I saw her playing chess in the classroom just now.

1.1.2.4 makes predicative remarks, such as his speeches, which are always inspiring.

1.1.2.5 is used with yes. He is reading a book in the library now. /Mary was having lunch when she called her.

1.2过去分词

构成:完成

用法

1.2.2.1's attributive, such as the old classroom was covered with broken glass.

1.2.2.2 made an adverbial. If he was exhausted, he stopped to have a rest.

1.2.2.3 as a complement, such as I had my hair cut yesterday.

1.2.2.4 made a predication, such as the good news, which greatly encouraged us.

1.2.2.5 is used with yes to form a passive voice. For example, the robber was killed by the police on the spot.

I have been to Japan three times. He began to learn English five years ago. They had already come back when it began to rain heavily.

2动词不定式

2.1组成形式

2.1.1肯定形式是:做。

2.1.2否定形式是:不做。

2.1.3省略号的形式是:do。

2.2用法

2.2.1主题,如:大量吸烟对你没有好处。在这种情况下,由于主语太长,正式主语就常常增加。

So it's not good for you to smoke a lot.

His job is to wash all the dishes in one hour.

2.2.3作为宾语,后面常跟谓语动词,如:她拒绝参加聚会。当宾语太长时,通常要加上正式宾语。

: I find it difficult to finish the work before Friday.

He has something important to tell you.

She got up early in order to catch the first bus.

2.2.6 As a complement, if he wants me to tell him everything about her.

To be honest, she is not interested in you.

2.2.8 Special sentence patterns, such as Jack is old enough to live independently. /They are too excited to sleep.

2.2.9 negative structure, such as he was asked not to talk loudly in public places.

2.2.10 omit the structure, such as they let us go home earlier than usual.

3动名词

3.1作文:做

3.2用法

: Swimming is good for our health.

Do you mind if I open the door now?

His hobby is playing basketball.

3.2.4作为定语,如:火车有六节卧铺车厢。动名词作定语经常解释被修饰成分的功能或用法,而现在分词作定语经常描述被修饰成分正在发生的状态或动作。

4绝对结构

4.1概念

4.1.1指由“名词/代词非谓语动词”组成的短语结构,它有自己的主语,但与句子的主句不同,所以称为绝对构式。

4.2名词/代词不定式

4.2.1 I will pay back 200 dollars to you, the rest to follow in two months.

4.3名词/代词的现在分词

4.3.1 He finishing the housework, we will start.

4.4名词/代词的过去分词

4.4.1 The glass broken, the classroom was very cold.

5 《新概念英语》

5.1第一册第三十一至三十六课、第八十三至九十课、第一百零五至一百零六课、第一百一十七至一百二十课和第一百四十一至一百四十四课。

5.2第二册,第二十课,第六十八课,以及其他与进行式和完成式有关的课文。

中考英语6题

6.1 2010年第43/44/49号问题

6.2 2011年第45/46题

6.3 2012年第41/42题

6.4 2013年第47/48题

6.5 2014年第42/43题

6.6 2015年第38/39/42题

【小编建议】

关于不定式,平常要多识记哪些动词时不及物的,这些动词后面往往会跟上不定式作宾语。此外,在学习不定式时,要重点掌握一些常用的句型,如:enough to do; too.to.

关于分词,重点要掌握形容词化的现在分词和过去分词,因为有一类动词会通过变形,衍生出现在分词和过去分词两种形式的形容词,这类动词叫使役动词,这类动词往往表示“使.”。如:excite,

表示“使.兴奋或使.激动”,它有两种形容词化的分词形式,即exciting和excited。其中,exciting表示令人兴奋或激动的,而excited表示感到兴奋或激动的。如,

We are very excited to hear the exciting news.

关于动名词,重点在于要掌握那些常常要后接动名词的谓语动词或短语,如:finish, mind, appreciate, enjoy, look forward to, be used to等等。

《新概念英语》 中有关分词的用法主要是通过进行时和完成时来体现的,其中有关不定式的用法主要出现在第一册里,有关动名词的用法主要出现在第二册里。

在上海历年的中考英语真题中,每年几乎都会有两三道题是考核非谓语动词的用法的。

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