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在《新概念英语》中,“过去”的用法出现在第二册第31课中。学生们经常把它和习惯于的用法混淆。今天,我们将一劳永逸地弄清楚它们的用法。
[自测]
让我们先做一个小测试:
"详细用法"
First, get used to it
(1)基本用法
用来做的是用来表示你过去曾经做过某件事,所以用的时候,关键是判断你要描述的动作是否发生在过去。比如:
他小时候在一家小商店工作。
前一句中的“童年”是指该动作发生在过去,所以可以翻译如下:
As a boy he used to workin a small shop.
另一个例子是:
那时他通常每天要工作14个小时。
前一句中的“then”表示动作发生在过去,所以可以翻译如下:
At that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.
(二)句子转换
Used在英语语法中也叫半情态动词,因为它既可以做情态动词,也可以做实义动词,所以在变换句型时要注意它是一种什么样的情况。
1.当用作情态动词时
此时,used的用法与can/must几乎相同。比如:
: He used to smoke when he was in college.
: When he was in college, he didn't used to smoke very often.
General questions and their answers Did he often smoke when he was in college? Yes, he did. /No, he didn't.
2.当用作实义动词时
此时,它的用法与其他实义动词相同。比如:
: He used to smoke when he was in college.
: He didn't smoke much when he was in college.
General questions and their answers Did he often smoke when he was in college? Yes, he did. /No, he didn't.
Second, get used to it
习惯有两种情况:
(a) is used to do
被用来做意味着被用来做某事,属于被动语态的用法。比如:
这个罐子是用来种花的。这个陶罐是用来种花的。
Be used to doing sth.
1.基本用法
习惯于做是指现在经常或习惯性地做某事。与习惯于做不同,习惯于做是一个介词,所以当它后面跟动词时,应该是动名词的形式。
而to在用来做的时候是不定式。比如:
When she is excited, she is used to talking nonstop. She always talks when she is excited. )
2.句型转换
与用来做不同,be用来做是助动词,所以句型转换主要是通过be的变化和调整来实现的。比如:
Affirmative sentence: I am used to drinking coffee during my lunch break.
Negative sentence: I'm not used to drinking coffee during my lunch break.
General question and its answer: Are you used to drinking coffee during your lunch break? Yes, I am. /No, I'm not.
【自测参考答案】
我们来看看试题的答案:
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