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一.过去的回顾
条件句中虚拟语气用法全集
第二,wish后的虚拟语气
当wish后跟宾语从句时,宾语从句通常被省略,从句中的谓语动词应该是虚拟语气。但是,根据从句谓语动词所指向的时间,其形式会发生不同的变化。具体用法如下:
需要注意的是,wish本身的时态并不影响从句中谓语动词的形态变化。
让我们来看看这个例子:
(1)与现在的事实相反。
I hope this book is written in a bigger font. I wish the words in this book were bigger. )
我希望我知道这件事的全部。)
(2)与过去的事实相反。
我希望你没有一直抱着我。(真希望你一开始就没有告诉我这一切。)
我希望我从未见过她。)
(3)与未来事实相反
我希望我能戒酒。(我希望我能戒酒。)
I wish you would stop smoking. I wish you would stop smoking. )
[注意]
Had hoped后接宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,形式为“would do”,主要用来表达原本希望但未能实现的事情。比如:
我曾希望我会被提升。(我曾希望得到提升。)
他希望克罗夫特会被委托。(他曾希望克罗夫特会得到提升。)
三、建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词后的虚拟语气。
这类常见的动词有:
Demand, desire, request, demand, demand, beg
Propose, advise, suggest, recommend, advise, vote, etc
表格决策,命令:决策,顺序
Stand for, insist on: maintain, urge and insist on.
如果这类动词后接宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词应该是“should do”的形式,should往往被省略。比如:
I suggested that he put an advertisement in the local newspaper. I suggested that he put an advertisement in the local newspaper. )
他命令我们那天晚上继续前进。(他命令我们当晚继续前进。)
They asked me to go at once. They asked me to go at once. )
他们坚持要我留在那里吃晚饭。)
第四,expect/believe/think/suspect等动词否定或疑问形式后的虚拟语气。
在这些动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中,我们常用“should+do/had done”的形式表示惊讶、怀疑或不满。比如:
She never thought that he would explode so violently. It never occurred to her that he would be so angry. ).
It never occurred to us that a man like him would lead such a poor life. I didn't expect him to live such a poor life. )
I would rather/would rather/would rather/would rather (just) as soon as possible/would rather the subjunctive mood after that.
这种结构主要用来表示“你宁愿做什么”或“对过去的所作所为感到后悔”,其后宾语从句中的谓语动词一般用虚拟语气。具体用法是:谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来的事实相反,用过去完成时表示与过去的事实相反。比如:
I'd rather I didn't finish the task. I'd rather not finish this task. )
I'd rather you drink milk. I'd rather you drink milk. )
I'd rather you went by plane. I'd rather you went by plane. )
He would rather not be born until ten years ago. He would rather he was born ten years ago. )
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