其实一课一题一语法:新概念英语第一册第121-122课的问题并不复杂,但是又很多的朋友都不太了解一课一题一语法:新概念英语第一册第121-122课,因此呢,今天小编就来为大家分享一课一题一语法:新概念英语第一册第121-122课的一些知识,希望可以帮助到大家,下面我们一起来看看这个问题的分析吧!
[往期回顾]
一课一题一语法:新概念英语第一册第119-120课
以下是第119-120课的参考答案:
【回答】
他上周前到达伦敦。
He had arrived in London before last Sunday.
晚饭后,我去花园散步。
I took/had a walk in the garden after I had had dinner.
他们在日出前就已经出发了。
They had already set out/off before the sunrise.
[本期内容]
本周我们继续分享《新概念英语1》第121-122课的重点句型或语法。让我们先读第121课的课文:
一.原文
第二,关键句型或语法
这节课是关于定语从句的用法。
(一)两个概念
1.先例
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词或其词组,因为总是在定语从句前面,所以常被称为先行词。
2.关系词
用于连接定语从句的代词或副词。关系代词主要有谁、谁、谁、哪个、那个;关系副词主要包括何时、何地。
(2)分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句也称限制性定语从句,主要用于限制限制性先行词,起特定作用,如:
The man who is standing under the tree is a doctor.
非限制性定语从句也叫非限制性定语从句,主要用来补充先行词,起补充作用。它们应该用逗号与先行词隔开,例如:
My father, who is a doctor, likes apples very much.
(3)关系代词
第一本书侧重于限制性定语从句的使用,这节课侧重于关系代词的基本用法。
1. Who?
先行词表示人,定语从句是主语或宾语时,定语从句要与关系代词who连接,如:
The man who spoke to you just now is our English teacher.
前一句中的man是先行词,表示人,在定语从句中是spoke的主语,所以从句要用who引导。
另一个例子是:
The man who you spoke to just now is our English teacher.
前一句中的man是先行词,表示人,在定语从句中是说话的对象,所以从句要由who引导。
[注意]
如果关系代词前面有介词,就不能用who引导定语从句,而要用who,如:
The man to whom you spoke just now is our English teacher.
2. Who?
先行词表示人,定语从句是宾语时,定语从句要和关系代词whom连接,如:
The girl whom he told me about yesterday is his little sister.
前一句中的姑娘是先行词,表示人,在定语从句中是about的宾语,所以从句要由who引导。
3. Whose?
先行词表示人或物,定语从句作定语时,定语从句要与关系代词whose连接,如:
We have found the boy whose father is a mechanic.
前一句中的boy是先行词,表示人,在定语从句中用作父亲的定语,所以从句要用who的引导。
另一个例子是:
We have found the book whose cover is green.
前一句中的book是定语从句中的先行词、宾语、cover的定语,所以从句要用who的引导。
Which one?
先行词表示宾语,定语从句是主语或宾语时,定语从句要和关系代词which连接,如:
She bought a cake which cost her thirty dollars.
前一句中的A cake是定语从句中的先行词,宾语,cost的主语,所以这个从句应该由which引导。
另一个例子是:
She bought a cake which her son liked very much.
前一句中的A cake是先行词,是宾语,在定语从句中是liked的宾语,所以这个从句要以which为引导。
[注意]
也可以直接跟一个介词作宾语,比如:
She bought a cake on which she spent thirty dollars.
5. That
当先行词表示人或事物,而定语从句是主语或宾语时,定语从句可以与关系代词that连接,如:
The woman that gave me a hand yesterday is my aunt.
前一句中的女人是先行词,表示人,是定语从句中gave的主语,所以从句可以由那个引导。
另一个例子是:
The pen that you gave me yesterday writes smoothly.
前一句的笔是定语从句中的先行词、宾语、宾语,所以从句可以由那个引导。
[注意]
That作为关系代词,不能紧跟介词。
第三,一课一问
根据这节课的重要语法点,我们来练习一下。请选择适当的关系代词(who/who/who/which/which/that)填空。
1. This is the book _____ I bought yesterday.
2. He will never forget the days _____ he spent in the village last year.
3. Do you still remember the girl _____ helped us during the holiday?
4. The boy _____ mother is a nurse is from Shanghai.
5. We can turn to the man _____ you mentioned just now.
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